Islamic And Conventional Banking And Customer Satisfaction - Free Essay Example

Customer satisfaction is a business term which measure that how products and services supplied by a company or business organisation meet or fulfil customer expectations. Customer satisfaction is believed a very important and key performance indicator within a business. In a competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers, customer satisfaction is a key differentiator and has become a very important element of business strategy. Banking is a customer oriented services industry, therefore, the customer is the focus and customer service is the differentiating factors. When the banks are offering almost the similar products and services with some principal differences. It is the customer satisfaction that can influence the performance and determine the competitiveness and success of either an Islamic or Conventional bank. Banks deal with thousands of customers everyday and render different types of services to them. It is a well known reality and fact that no business can exist and grow without customers. And the satisfaction of these customers is as important as the customers itself are important for any business. Satisfied customers are central to optimal performance and financial returns. Better understanding of customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perceptions is important for a Bank to determine the actions required to meet the customers needs. Banks can identify their own strengths and weaknesses, where th ey stand in comparison to their competitors, chart out path future progress and improvement. Customer satisfaction measurement helps to promote an increased focus on customer outcomes and stimulate improvements in the work practices and processes used within the company. 1.2 Research Objectives The main aim of this study is to:- Review and analyse the literature available on both Islamic and Conventional bank with special reference to Pakistan. Examine and evaluate the performance of the Islamic and conventional banks in Pakistan. Find out the level of Customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s knowledge about the products and services provided by their banks. Find out the factors of customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s dissatisfaction from the products and services of their bank. Find out the main factors of motivation for a customer to deal with either an Islamic or a conventional bank. Find out that to what extent customers are satisfied with their banks. 1.3 Research Questions The research is target to examine the Islamic and conventional banking in Pakistan in relation to product analysis and customer satisfaction. This research will be helpful to answer the following questions:- Performance of which form of banking is better than the other and why? What are the main differences between the products offered by the Islamic and Conventional banks in Pakistan? What is the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s satisfaction level with both forms of banking? What are the factors of motivation for a customer to deal with a bank? What are the main factors of customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s dissatisfaction from a bank? Which form of banking is more rewarding and reliable in Pakistan? What are the suggestions and recommendation to improve the services and operations of both Islamic and Conventional banks? 1.4 Research Rational The Researcher worked in a conventional bank for about 1 year, at the time when there was no Islamic bank in Pakistan. But there seemed to be a demand in the customer for such kind of banks at that time. Researcher is keen to start his career in the banking sector of Pakistan. At the moment there are about 35 banks working in Pakistan out of which 6 of them are registered as Islamic banks, but majority of the Islamic banks started their operations very recently. But if we compare them with conventional banks in Pakistan conventional banks are much older and larger then these Islamic banks. The Researcher is committed to investigate the principal difference between the both conventional and Islamic banks, their products, their reliability and the factors encouraging the customers to invest their money in any of these two forms of banking. The researcher will also analyse the key factors which play their role in either the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the customer of thes e banks and which form of banking is more successful in relation to customer Satisfaction and why? The researcher will also come out with the suggestions to improve the service of the banks to satisfy their customer. 1.5 Research Context Banks are performing various functions to provide variety of products and services for different sectors of the economy. Pakistan came into being in 1947; the first Pakistani bank started its operations the same year in the month of September. Since that time Pakistani banking sector is experiencing difficulties due to unpractical policies and uncertainty. Private Sector banks strongly dominated during the first almost 20 years but all the banks were nationalized in 1974, which proved disastrous move for the banking sector of Pakistan. Nationalization of private banks badly affected the performance of these banks. So, these banks were privatized again in 1992. Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking sector consists of Scheduled commercial banks, which include nationalized, foreign and private banks. Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking sector has been going through a comprehensive but complex and very painful process of restructuring since 1997. It is aimed at making these institutions financially sound and forging their links firmly with the real sector for promotion of savings, investment and growth. A complete turnaround in this sector will not be possible and is not expected as well but signs of improvement can be seen. Islamic banking was started in the late 70à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s in Pakistan, but it was initially introduced in the conventional banks. The first Islamic banking license was issued in 2002 to the Meezan Bank Ltd; this bank started its operations in Pakistan in the year 2003. The Islamic banking has gained momentum worldwide. There are more than 185 Islamic banks and financial institutions operating in the world. The popularity of Islamic banking in not limited to Islamic banks only. A large number of conventional banks in Pakistan and all over the world are showing increasing interest in the Islamic banking system as well. The consequence of this is that Islamic banks operating in Islamic countries are faced with strong competition not only fr om Islamic banks but also from non-Islamic rivals Habib Bank Ltd Habib Banks Ltd. was the first commercial bank to be established in Pakistan in 1947. Over the years, HBL has grown its branch network and become the largest private sector bank with over 1,450 branches across the country and a customer base exceeding five million relationships. The Government of Pakistan privatized HBL in 2004 through which AKFED acquired 51% of the bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s shareholding and management control. HBL is majority owned (51%) by the Aga Khan Fund of Economic Development, 42.5% of the shareholding is retained by the Government of Pakistan (GOP), whilst 7.5% is owned by the general public i.e. over 170,000 shareholders following the public listing that took place in July 2007. Nepal, Nigeria, Kenya and Kyrgyzstan and rep offices in Iran and China, HBL is also the largest domestic multinational. The bank is expanding its presence in principal international markets including the UK, UAE, South and Central Asia, Africa and the Far East. Key areas of op erations encompass product offering and services in retail and consumer banking. HBL has the largest corporate Banking portfolio in the country with an active investment banking arm. SME and Agriculture lending programmes and banking services are offered in urban and rural centres. HBL is currently rated AA (Long term) and A-1+ (Short term) and has a balance sheet size over USD 11 billion. It is the first Pakistani bank to raise Tier II Capital from external sources. Meezan Bank Ltd. Meezan Bank Limited, a publicly listed company, was incorporated on January 27, 1997 and started operations as an investment bank in August that year. In January, 2002 in a historic initiative, Meezan Bank was granted the nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s first full-fledged commercial banking license as a dedicated Islamic Bank, by the State Bank of Pakistan. Meezan Bank has clearly established itself as the largest Islamic Bank in Pakistan with the largest Islamic Banking branch network in the country. The banking sector is showing a significant paradigm shift away from traditional means of business and is catering to an increasingly astute and demanding financial consumer, who is also becoming keenly aware of Islamic Banking. Meezan Bank bears the critical responsibility of leading the way forward in establishing a stable and dynamic Islamic Banking system replete with dynamic and cutting-edge products and services. During the eight years of its operations as an Islamic commercial bank offering universal banking services to customers, Meezan Bank has been one of the fastest growing banks in the history of Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking sector. Average growth in deposits has been 55% per annum during this period while the branch network grew from 4 to 201. The Bank has established a strong and credible management team comprised of experienced professionals, that have achieved a strong balance sheet with excellent operating profitability and strong ratios, which places the Bank at the top of the Islamic Banking industry. The Bank has been assigned a long-term entity rating of A+ with a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Stableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ outlook and a short-term entity rating of A1. The Bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main shareholders are leading financial institutions of the Region namely, Noor Financial Investment Company, Kuwait, a leading investment company based in Kuwait; Pak-Kuwait Investment Company, a AAA rated financial entity in the country and the Islamic De velopment Bank of Jeddah. The established position, reputation, strength and stability, of these institutions add significant value to the Bank through Board representation and applied synergies. The bank has developed an extraordinary research and development capability by combining investment bankers, commercial bankers, Shariah scholars and legal experts to develop innovative, viable, and competitive value propositions that not only meet the requirements of todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s complex financial world, but do so with world-class service excellence which our customers demand, all within the bounds of Shariah. Meezan Bank has a strong technology focus. It has invested heavily in state-of-the-art software applications à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" namely Temenos T-24 and Oracle. It has also recently upgraded its hardware platform and also has a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hotà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ disaster recovery site in place to cater to any unforeseen eventualities. By implementing robust and aggressive strategic and tactical initiatives on the side of consumer banking, Meezan Bank aims to fulfil its prime target of providing customers accessibility and convenience, within an atmosphere and culture of dedicated service and recognition of their needs. The Bank has a rapidly growing branch network across all major cities nation-wide. Meezan Bank, believe in adding value to its customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ lives and businesses through dynamic and competitive products and services that fulfil their needs while conforming completely to the dictates of Shariah. At the same time, they endeavor to deliver competitive risk-adjusted returns to our stakeholders LITERATURE REVIEW Within the last few years, a number of studies have provided the discipline into the Practice of conventional and Islamic banking sector. An insight of related studies is as follows:- Islamic banks are striving to capture the maximum number of customers to compete with conventional banks by providing a large number of products as an alternative for interest based products. In Pakistan, banks are providing a wide range of products and services and facing intensive competition to attract potential customers. Persuraman et al. (1985, 1991b) devised SERVQUAL model and investigated the service quality. They explored ten dimensions of service quality and refined into five dimensions. It was documented that an increase in service quality and professional behaviour resulted a greater customer satisfaction and reduced customer erosion (Leeds, 1992). The relationship between service quality and Customer satisfaction is becoming crucial with the increased level of awareness among bank c ustomers (Sureshchander et al. 2002). The conventional banking theories assume that banks earn profits by purchasing deposits from the depositors at a low interest rate, then reselling those funds to the Borrowers at higher interest rate, based on its competitive advantage at gathering Information and underwriting risk (Santos, 2000). Therefore, conventional banks Make profits from the spread between the interest rate received from borrowers and the interest rate paid to depositors. Islamic banking is considered as a different banking stream as it prohibits interest and replaces with (a) profit share and (b) the profit share depends on the extent of the risk participation of the parties. The absence of pre-determined rewards is based on Quranic commands and as interpreted using Sharià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ah principles (Ariff, 2006). Islamic banks showed remarkable progress. It has captured a reasonable market share with excellent growth rate of 114% per annum. The i ncreasing number and size of Islamic banks is also a positive sign of development and success. There are six full-fledged Islamic banks working in different cities of Pakistan and 13 conventional banks have started partial Islamic banking practices by establishing a large number of branches exclusively engaged in Islamic banking practices (SBP, 2006). The prohibition of interest in Islam caused many writings to come forward with an idea to establish banks that do not work on interest basis. So the basic difference between Islamic banks and conventional banks is that Islamic banks are interest free banks whereas conventional banks are interest based banks. (Kahf 2006) Although interest and profit are very clear concepts but they are misunderstood by many people. Basic difference between interest and profit is that interest is the reward to money and profit is the reward to capital investment. In other words money produces interest and capital investment produces profits. (Toutounc hian 2004) Islamic finance has gripped the world with a strong commitment and passion. It has been depicted that interest in this segment has grown rapidly in almost 60 countries, not only in Islamic countries but in the leading global financial centers. Even United Kingdom has adopted an open door policy and provided a level playing field to Islamic finance and now Singapore is following its lead. (Dr.Shamshad 2007) Islamic banking has shown tremendous growth in the past 20 years, with estimated deposits surpassing $80 billion in more than 45 countries. Annual turnover is currently estimated at $70 billion and is projected to pass $100 billion by 2000. (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Sullivan 1994, p. 7) For the last 60 years, the mode of banking in Pakistan was totally of interest based but now there is a shift from western banking to Islamic banking in number of banks in Pakistan and also there are some new banks like Meezan bank which is totally based on Islamic banking. In 2007 Meeza n Bank creates a significant milestone in the history of Islamic Banking by opening its 100th branch in the city of Karachi. With 100 branches in 31 cities clearly positions the Bank as the leading Islamic Bank in Pakistan. Two new dedicated Islamic Banks start operations in Pakistan, namely Emirates Islamic Bank and Dawood Islamic Bank. (Meezan Bank 2007) Mishkin (2001) reported that banking and financial services are the integral part of services industry and its contribution is increasing with the passage of time. However, expansion of global and integrated banking sector has to face many challenges of legislation, technological and structural changes (Angur et al. 1999). The relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction is investigated by a number of researchers across the globe. It is concluded that there is strong association between dimensions of service quality and overall customer satisfaction (Anderson and Sullivan, 1993). It is found that the bankin g industry has a link between service quality and customer satisfaction (Avkiran, 1994). Islamic banking practices resulted into a notable increase in the supply of loans. It is found that government intervention played an important role to manage funds besides other economic factors in the economy (Makiyan, 2003). Levesque and McDougall (1996) investigated the influence of key determinants of service quality on customer satisfaction in financial institutions. They found a substantial impact of service problems on customer satisfaction and their intensions to switch. It is suggested that service quality is an essential determinant of customer satisfaction (Yavas e t al., 1997). Islamic banks working in different parts of the world assessed their performance in reference to service quality and customers responses. An empirical study was conducted to measure customer awareness and satisfaction by using a sample of 206 respondents towards Islamic banking in Jordan. It is observed th at customers have awareness about products of Islamic bank but expressed a sense of dissatisfaction towards some of the services (Naseer, Jamal and Al-Khatib, 1999). Bahia and Nantel (2000) developed an alternative scale for measurement of service quality in retail banking. They developed BSQ and compared with SERVQUAL. They found that BSQ dimensions are more reliable than SERVQUAL dimensions. In another study SERVQUAL is compared with Technical/Functional quality of services in private banks. Results showed that Technical/Functional quality model is better (Lassar et.al, 2000). A survey of 801 customers indicated that customers perception of service quality differs in terms of demographic characteristics (gender, ethnicity, education and income) of the respondents (Urban and Pratt, 2000). The working of the customers mind is a mystery which is difficult to solve and understanding the nuances of what customer satisfaction is, a challenging task. This exercise in the context of the banking industry will give us an insight into the parameters of customer satisfaction and their measurement. This vital information will help us to build satisfaction amongst the customers and customer loyalty in the long run which is an integral part of any business. The customers requirements must be translated and quantified into measurable targets. This provides an easy way to monitor improvements, and deciding upon the attributes that need to be concentrated on in order to improve customer satisfaction. We can recognize where we need to make changes to create improvements and determine if these changes, after implemented, have led to increased customer satisfaction. If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it. Lord William Thomson Kelvin (1824-1907). Oppewal and Vriens (2000) empirically investigated the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction by using original SERVQUAL instrument with 10 dimensions as devised by Parasuraman et al. (1985). Th is study gave a direction to relate service quality and customer satisfaction. Service quality gained significance with the passage of time due to increased competition among service firms. It was examined that how customer satisfaction affects the customers behavioral consequences. The study found a strong impact of customer satisfaction on their decision to stay with the existing service provider; and restrain their negative behavioral intentions. (Athanassopoulos, Gounaris and Stathakopoulos, 2001). Kayis, Kim and Shin (2003) conducted a comparative analysis of Australian and Korean banks to find out the quality management practices and its outcomes. They found a meaningful relationship between perceived service quality and customer satisfaction. They suggest that organizations should focus on service quality as an input to customer satisfaction for long-term benefits and business success. Now banks have realized the importance of service quality for successful survival in todays global and highly competitive environment (Wang et al. 2003). Jamal (2004) investigated the customer behaviour in retail banking by considering service quality and its outcomes. It was observed that customers have varied experiences of satisfaction and dissatisfaction for utilization of self-service technologies. Financial sector is becoming more conscious about the performance evaluation regarding quality of products/services according to customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ expectations. In another study, findings reveal a positive correlation between financial performance and customer service quality scores (Duncan and Elliott, 2004). Curry and Penman (2004) reported that service quality is inevitable for differentiation to compete in the banking sector. They suggested that the right service could retain the customers for long-term benefits. So, Banks should maintain the level of services by proper allocation of resources to meet customer requirements. Findings indicated that financia l institutions require reasonable procedures to evaluate the overall satisfaction of their customers. However, understanding of changing needs and expectations of customers is an essential prerequisite for the financial sector (Joseph et al. 2005). Jabnoun and Khalifa (2005) proposed and tested a measure of service quality to compare conventional and Islamic banks in UAE. The study found that four dimensions were significant in case of conventional banks. While only personal skill and values were crucial in determining service quality in Islamic banks. It is found that bank-customer relationship quality is evident between satisfied and dissatisfied customers. Both types of customers have clearly distinctive feelings regarding their service experience (Nelson and Chan, 2005). Al-Hawari and Ward (2006) found that customer satisfaction plays an inter-mediator role in the relationship between service quality and financial performance of the banks. In another study, overall custome r satisfaction was investigated in Malaysian banking industry by collecting data from 220 customers of 15 retail banks. It was found that overall customer satisfaction is one of the key determinants of relationship quality (Nelson, 2006). It is suggested that bank should start service quality improvement programs to enhance customer satisfaction and customer loyalty (Razak et al., 2007). On the basis of existing literature, this study examines the perception of bank customers regarding service quality and its impact on customer satisfaction in Pakistani banking sector, we test the following hypotheses. H1: There will be positive relationships between service quality and customer satisfaction regarding Islamic banks in Pakistan. H2: There will be positive relationships between service quality and customer satisfaction regarding Conventional banks in Pakistan. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The main purpose of this research is to analyse the level of customer satisfaction about Meezan Bank Ltd and Habib Bank Ltd in Pakistan. Many authors and writers have defined research and research methodology, most of them if not completely contradictory with each other but are substantially different. Websterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Collegiate Dictionary (1977) defines research as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Studious inquiry or examination; esp. investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts or practical application of such new or revised theories of lawsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Andrew and Hildebrand (1982, p. 3) define research as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The orderly procedure by which man increases his knowledgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? 3.1 RESEARCH PHILOSOPHY 3.2 RESEARCH APPROACH Research approach means the approach or the methodology that has been adopted to conduct the research. Research approach involves the selection of research questions, the conceptual framework that has to be adopted, the selection of appropriate research method such as primary research, secondary research etc. There are mainly two types of research approach:- Inductive approach Deductive approach Inductive Approach An inductive argument is one in which the premises are supposed to support the conclusion in such a way that if the premises are true, it is improbable that the conclusion would be false. Thus, the conclusion follows probably from the premises and inferences. Here is an example: 1. Socrates was Greek. (Premise) 2. Most Greeks eat fish. (Premise) 3. Socrates ate fish. (Conclusion) It may seem that inductive arguments are weaker than deductive arguments because there must always remain the possibility of their arriving at false conclusions, but that is not entirely true. With deductive arguments, our conclusions are already contained, even if implicitly, in our premises. This means that we dont arrive at new information à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  at best; we are shown information which was obscured or unrecognized previously. Thus, the sure truth-preserving nature of deductive arguments comes at a cost. Inductive arguments, on the other hand, do provide us with new ideas and t hus may expand our knowledge about the world in a way that is impossible for deductive arguments to achieve. Thus, while deductive arguments may be used most often with mathematics, most other fields of research make extensive use of inductive arguments. Deductive Approach Deductive argument is one in which it is impossible for the premises to be true but the conclusion false. Thus, the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises and inferences. In this way, it is supposed to be a definitive proof of the truth of the claim (conclusion). Here is a classic example: 1. All men are mortal. (Premise) 2. Socrates was a man. (Premise) 3. Socrates was mortal. (Conclusion) As you can see, if the premises are true (and they are), then it simply isnt possible for the conclusion to be false. If you have a deductive argument and you accept the truth of the premises, then you must also accept the truth of the conclusion; if you reject it, then you are rejecting logic itself. 3.3 Research Strategy Research Strategy basically refers to the method of data collection for the specified topic. The term Data can be divided into further 2 branches. Primary Data The primary data basically refers to data which is collected by the researcher for the purpose of answering the problem under discussion. Primary data will be collected through Secondary Data The Secondary data is being obtained by the literature study, journals and articles. Secondary data is normally used to understand the problem under discussion and its helps the Researcher to reach its conclusion. The Researcher will use a quantitative approach for this research study, developing and distributing a questionnaire to customers of Islamic and Conventional banks asking them about their experiences and attitudes in relation to their banks. The questionnaire will include three types of questions, 1) closed questions, requiring the respondent to answer yes or no, 2) open questions allowing the respondent to elaborate on their answers and 3) multiple choice questions, asking respondents to rate their responses on a scale. Primary data collection plan: quantitative or qualitative both methods have to be used appropriately in any research paradigm. The researcher will be using a quantitative approach. The survey strategy will be used to collect quantitative data whi ch is associated with deductive approach and philosophically positivist. The Researcher will distribute questionnaires to the customers from both Islamic and Conventional banks, asking them to complete and return them to the Researcher. 3.4 Research Sample In research terms a sample is a group of people, objects, or items that are taken from a larger population for measurement. The sample should be representative of the population to ensure that we can generalise the findings from the research sample to the population as a whole. Probability sampling means a method of sampling that utilizes random selection. In order to have a random selection method, you must set up some process or procedure that assures that the different units in your population have equal probabilities of being chosen. Humans have long practiced various forms of random selection, such as picking a name out of a hat, or choosing the short straw. These days, we tend to use computers as the mechanism for generating random numbers as the basis for random selection. Non probability sampling does not involve random selection but it does not mean that non probability samples arent representative of the population. But it does mean that non probability samples cann ot depend upon the rationale of probability theory. At least with a probabilistic sample, we know the odds or probability that we have represented the population well. We are able to estimate confidence intervals for the statistic. With non probability samples, we may or may not represent the population well, and it will often be hard for us to know how well weve done so. In general, researchers prefer probabilistic or random sampling methods over non probabilistic ones, and consider them to be more accurate and rigorous. The Researcher will be using Probability Sampling method for its Primary data collection. 3.5 Research Validity and Reliability The research is designed very carefully in order to maintain the level of validity and reliability. The study which is used is a test and re test approach in order to reduce unfairness and interviewee possible irritation. Both qualitative and quantitative research method are aimed to achieve high level of validity and reliability. Interviews are based on friendly manner to approach people have available time for interviews. Open ended and close ended questions along with some probe were going to be used during in-depth interview. The ethical principle of collecting data is to avoid subjective selectivity in what we record. Researchers needs to maintenance his objectivity by making sure he collects all data and fully (Saunder`s M. et al 2007). 3.6 Research Ethics The ethical principle of collecting data is to avoid subjective selectivity in what we record. Researcher needs to maintenance his objectivity by making sure he collects all data accurately and fully (Saunders, M. et al. 2007). Time Period and task to do March 2010 April 2010 May 2010 June 2010 July 2010 August 2010 Weeks, 17, Prepare dissertation proposal and submission before 29th April 2009. Continue searching the literature review and its submission to supervisor. .. . . Weeks, 18,19 .. Weeks, 20,21 Interviewing with participants, and analysing of data simultaneously, gathered from each participant. Revision of draft and supervisor`s comments. Meeting with supervisor, Initial start of contacting participants for data gathering, approaching participants for interview Weeks, 22,23,24 .. .. . . Weeks, 25,26,27,28,29 . .. Submission of (final) draft, revision and submission of dissertation Weeks, 30,31,32 . ..

Up in Arms About Topics for Synthesis Essay?

<h1> Up in Arms About Topics for Synthesis Essay? </h1> <h2> Getting the Best Topics for Synthesis Essay </h2> <p>If you despite everything can't place your head into picking a particular point, EduBirdie is here so as to help you. In case you're keen on the subject it will make things simpler that you discover the task achieved in a convenient strategy. Since you comprehend what a lousy theme seems like, it's a great opportunity to visit about what a fabulous subject takes after. Before taking a gander at a few of the freshest titles to consider in combination composing, how about we see what makes an extraordinary point. </p> <p>Gender jobs won't ever be turned around 15. The subject you select for your paper should be applicable to the region and society. </p> <p>With the development of the mass immunization and there was the improvement of the counter inoculation development. The inside and out investigation of the wellbeing condition has brought about the visual intrigue of another treatment. Child rearing points have a wide exhibit of plans, in view of a subject they're identified with. Weight isn't really the final product of ravenousness. </p> <p>Even however the chief parts remain basic in a wide range of expositions there keep on being contrasts in the scope of passages and course of action of body sections. You should back up your perspective with all around looked into realities and information moreover. Reworded data despite everything should be refered to, yet there's no interest for quotes. Ordinarily, it's easy to introduce data in your words. </p> <p&g t;There's one key distinction, thoughyour educator gives you the sources you will use to validate your contention. Each paper ought to have a presentation in the beginning and an end toward the end. All things considered, on the off chance that you're keeping watch for a straightforward passage to compose, at that point you'll have no issue in finding your last article section. In any case, remember that an ineffectively composed passage may give you a negligible score! </p> <h2>Topics for Synthesis Essay for Dummies </h2> <p>The presentation of your article must present your theme plainly so the peruser is sure of what he will realize in the rest of the exposition. In a factious exposition, you will need to express your proposition and offer basic proof from sources that you probably won't have visited previously. A combination article brief must be debatable. Pugnacious papers are as often as possible progressively philosophical and engineered articles are dedicated to a particular issue. </p> <p>Anyway, a theme for blend exposition shouldn't be excessively expansive so you could build up a suitable contention. Amalgamation articles are utilized in different papers. They are to be composed with a careful methodology. Besides, a union exposition must be efficient similarly likewise with some other school papers. </p> <p>By method of model, in school, you may be mentioned to create a paper from the contradicting point of view. On the off chance that it is tied in with making sense of how to create an AP English union paper, it is important to open the authority AP site with the current prerequisites and study the evaluating rubric to grasp what things to focus on. Before enrolling in any AP instructional class, it's insightful to experience the investigation program outline and get familiar with the assessment. Understudies who choose intriguing points are progressively disposed to invest adequate energy in investigate. </p> <p>It isn't easy to fixate on a solitary subject once the choices are under no circumstances restricted. Clearly, all credit must be given to the source to forestall literary theft. Limit your subject choices only a couple however endeavor to focus on what's truly fascinating to you. </p> <p>When you work through your sources, settle on a choice with regards to what position you're probably going to take. Keep perusing the offered sources until you make a last choice with respect to your situation towards this issue. Among the helpful systems to remember is that your sources should be by one way or another connected to each other. What you will require is a theme that has a ton of sources that may bolster more than 1 position.</p> <p>Second, you must think about the amount of sources that you must have recorded as a hard copy. Endeavor to realize what data isn't phenomenal for all sources. You should utilize a lot of sources. You should likewise offer proof sources and the estimation of each source. </p> <h2> What Is So Fascinating About Topics for Synthesis Essay?</h2> <p>A blend exposition may request a generous number of subtleties and proof. In this way, blend papers include amassing a few components of data together on a specific point and introduced in a manner about the proposition proclamation. You should pick blend themes that aren't just interesting yet additionally sensible to inquire about. A total theme for a blend paper is one which urges you to have a position on a begging to be proven wrong iss ue. </p> <p>Once you've composed your union paper, certain means ought to be attempted as an approach to finish it. A source-by-source structure is effectively the most famous. </p>

Common App Essay Samples - How to Prepare For Them

Regular App Essay Samples - How to Prepare For ThemCommon App Essay tests are the establishment for understudies who need to get into advanced education. The different decision tests to assist them with working out their issues and choose what courses they need to seek after. While it might appear to be sufficiently straightforward, there are numerous things that you should think about basic App paper tests. You should have the option to gain from these materials and figure out what sort of courses they would suit you the best.It appears that there are numerous sites that offer this kind of educational plan yet don't have any data on the best way to get ready for the Common App papers. For instance, numerous sites advise understudies that they have to recollect each and every reality in the article. Obviously, this is outlandish and you will miss out on focuses when you don't ensure that you recall the content.Instead, understudies need to concentrate on the manners in which that the y can tailor the Common App expositions to their individual needs. Every understudy has their own qualities and shortcomings so you have to place yourself in the shoes of your schoolmates. What sorts of courses would you be keen on taking? What sorts of courses would you be able to breeze through?You will likewise need to figure out how to get ready for Common App article tests. Most online articles are short and just take a couple of moments to peruse. You have to consider how you can apply what you read to your life and make it as exact as possible.Remember that the appropriate responses you give for each area will affect your evaluations so in the event that you are stressed over getting An or a F, at that point you have to concentrate on one of the areas. By doing this, you can guarantee that you get an ideal evaluation unfailingly. The most ideal approach to do this is to record the entirety of the regions that you need to look at so as to discover which you may need to inquire about further.Another issue with certain understudies with regards to composing articles is that they feel just as they can't compose on the grounds that they don't have the foggiest idea how to begin a Common App exposition. This isn't correct. You should simply to begin by featuring a couple of areas and giving a couple of models from where you have had the option to utilize this data. You would then be able to expand on the focuses that you have featured such that bodes well to you.Finally, you will need to see if you are OK with a paper before you start. You should never race through this procedure since you will in all probability wind up composing ineffectively. You have to begin moderate and give yourself a lot of time to acquaint yourself with the composing process.Most understudies find that composing the Common App papers is anything but difficult to do yet they can't appear to overcome the initial barely any segments. On the off chance that you need to pass the Common Ap p exposition tests, at that point you have to invest some energy figuring out how to compose articles and afterward begin taking an evaluation each and every week.

The Secrets of Mrs Dalloway Essay Topics Exposed

<h1> The Secrets of Mrs Dalloway Essay Topics Exposed </h1> <h2> The Battle Over Mrs Dalloway Essay Topics and How to Win It </h2> <p>Weave in your point of view to procure your paper one of a kind. A factious paper is a piece of the influence. Convincing papers (likewise alluded to as factious articles) are perhaps the most significant scholastic undertakings you'll figure out how to compose. Each American ought to figure out how to communicate in Spanish. </p> <p>Thus, a discourse ought to be sorted out. The scope of body passages will generally depend on the time of your paper. As any guide about how to form a convincing paper will educate you, your exposition must be sorted out in sections with a coherent movement from 1 passage to the following. You despite everything must make an extraordinary piece of composing. </p> <p>Year round school is certifiably not a smart thought. To shield your subject, you may review the impact of over-burden plan on school grades. By perusing a couple of papers, you can make sure about bunches of new and fascinating thoughts. </p> <p>You need to know all pieces of budgetary points after you pick them. Having awesome research capacities and choosing a magnificent theme is fundamental. You ought to use APA reference instruments to help recorded as a hard copy your paper the correct way or look for the administrations of a specialist exposition author that could compose the article using the APA reference apparatuses. The goal of conceptualizing is to help you in getting thoughts. </p> <p>There are differing sees on if an advanced degree is required so as to have a flourishing life. In spite of the fact that individuals accept training is a right and will make society, generally speaking, a superior spot for everyone, others feel there's no real way to give a free advanced degree as schools would at present must be supported (likely through duty dollars). On the other side, some contend that the cost of school leaves understudies with devastating obligation they'll never be able to reimburse. Before understudies start to compose, it is an excellent thought for them to win a rundown of the focuses they might want to make to their perusers. </p> <h2>Things You Won't Like About Mrs Dalloway Essay Topics and Things You Will </h2> <p>Students are acclimated with the reality which their educators give them with the task's subject. They ought to be permitted to supplicate in school. They should keep their portable peacefully to not upset the class. They generally go online when they have to discover something. </p> <p>Following are a couple of straightforward techniques to guide you in settling on the perfect convincing exposition point for you. Homosexuality isn't an illness. Characteristics of an amazing influential article subject The point should be explicit. Choosing an incredible theme for your article is among the most pivotal and much of the time precarious parts for some understudies. </p> <p>Argumentative exposition subjects are so significant since they are debatableand it's essential to consistently be basically considering our general surroundings. The easiest way to deal with select an enticing article point is to discuss a current issue. Having no idea of the influential paper subjects, you simply don't comprehend what to expound on. Choosing an influential article subject may take loads of time without winding up with the stupendous arrangement. </p> <p>If you're pondering how to create an influential article, you should realize that composing a paper is a muddled strategy. Along these lines, the best strategy to create a magnificent convincing article is to find a topic you're acclimated with and wish to impart your experience to the peruser. In general, you can see that composing an enticing article isn't a cerebrum medical procedure. Simply follow the rules expressed above, and you will be well en route to composing an incredible convincing paper. </p> <p>When it has to do with composing a factious article, the primary issue to do is to choose a theme and a contention you can truly get behind. Realities, at long last, will consistently win out against how people are feeling at a particular second. Any thought can end up being a magnificent establishment for a subject. The absolute first thing you should acknowledge looking for a perfect subject is that your conclusion is what makes a difference the most. </p> <p>At exactly a similar time, it's a dynamite enticing article thought. One other significant segment when picking a powerful discourse point is to choose a theme that may incite your crowd a bit. All things considered, making sense of the absolute best subject for your exposition isn't your solitary worry for an understudy. There are numerous interesting points that could be become a convincing exposition in the event that you accept the open door to consider doing it. </p>

Pol Pot vs. Adolf Hitler Essay - 1237 Words

Successful leaders often share multiple similarities in the choices they make with their power; however, there also tend to be numerous differences between the executions of their respective rules. Though Communist leader Pol Pot and German nationalist Adolf Hitler can be compared in several ways, there are also myriad differences between their ascendancies. The social dispositions and executions of Adolf Hitler and Pol Pot, although similar in several ways, also differed for numerous reasons during their supremacies. The social perspectives and exploits of Hitler and Pol Pot have multiple similarities. For example, both Pol Pot and Hitler advocated and, to an extent, succeeded in mass execution of people based on a specific attribute.†¦show more content†¦Lastly, Hitler and Pol Pot shared the desire to publicly express an account of their beliefs and ideas. Pol Pot wrote Monarchy or Democracy?, and Hitler penned an autobiography called Mein Kampf, which means My Struggle (Katz, 42). Therefore, there are numerous similarities between the social perspectives and executions of Adolf Hitler and Pol Pot. Despite the comparable aspects of Adolf Hitler and Pol Pots supremacies, each ruler had a different ideology that determined the motives behind their mass executions. Hitler was extensively anti-Semitist; he claimed that Jews were enemies of the Aryan race and held them responsible for Austrias crisis. Hitlers nationalism also fueled the Holocaust and the mass killings in general (Katz, 88). The Treaty of Versailles caused an immense amount of humiliation for Germany; there was a nearly total demilitarisation of the armed forces, allowing Germany only six battleships, no submarines, no air force, an army of 100,000 without conscription and no armored vehicles (Shirer, 95). He used the treaty as a reason to build up Germany so that it could never happen again. The Khmer Rouge, on the contrary, murdered Western educated intellectuals; this was not an act of direct hate or prejudice. Pol Pot firmly believed that he could purify society and create something he called Year Zero (The Histo ry Place - GenocideShow MoreRelatedTwo Similar but Different Genocides: The Holocaust and Cambodian Genocide1092 Words   |  5 PagesThe Nazis tried and succeeded at portraying the Jews as terrible people to the public. After a persuasive campaign, Adolf Hitler was elected as chancellor of Germany on January 30th, 1933 and wasted little time in starting his evil mission (â€Å"History†). Soon after his election, he began taking a lot of the rights of the Jews away, including their citizenship (â€Å"History†). Hitler wanted a pure nation and he thought he could get that with having only the Aryan race in Germany (â€Å"Background†). TheRead MoreLeadership2050 Words   |  9 PagesApple can create belief within a company in a way that can set it apart from its competitors with a strong loyalty and belief in the leader’s vision. An inauthentic leader such as Adolf Hitler can create the same belief and faith to take a whole nation down a path of dest ruction. Bass and Riggio (2006) â€Å"Adolf Hitler, Pol Pot, Josef Stalin, Osama Bin Laden. These leaders are those who can be called Pseudotransformational† (pg5). There is no way TL can brush this off as it is part and parcel of any leadership

Researching Renaissance Art History

<h1>Researching Renaissance Art History</h1><p>If you are keen on renaissance workmanship history, you ought to do some examination into the different subjects that are included. These history subjects are significant on the grounds that you should see how the period was seen by the different gatherings that were included. The essential gathering was the privileged. The privileged is the most probable gathering to have a noteworthy information on the period.</p><p></p><p>Many researchers believe that the most ideal approach to do look into in the workmanship history is to scan for reference materials in different craftsmanship periods. This incorporates the well known artworks from the specialists of the timespan. Obviously, this takes a lot of time, however you will even now have the option to improve thought of what was happening in that specific time period.</p><p></p><p>The Renaissance workmanship history can reall y be partitioned into three significant periods. The first was Renaissance engineering and furniture. This is one of the most famous subjects since it makes for a fascinating topic.</p><p></p><p>The second piece of the Renaissance history is the craft of style. Style was viewed as perhaps the greatest worry of the occasions. In the event that you take a gander at the apparel of the time, you will see that the greater part of it was in the Renaissance style. Truth be told, the Renaissance design was predominant to such an extent that the styles were embraced by practically all different territories of culture.</p><p></p><p>Finally, you have the renaissance time of books and writing. Books, for example, the Bible and the plays were viewed as works of art. You will likewise discover a significant number of the extraordinary authors of the time were Renaissance specialists, for example, Petrarch, Dante, Shakespeare, and Vergil.</p>&l t;p></p><p>When it comes to Renaissance workmanship history there are a recent report zones. The significant territories incorporate craftsmanship history, workmanship and engineering, design, and writing. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you need to extend your examination into these subjects, there are numerous books accessible. You simply need to know which ones are applicable to the sort of work you need to learn about.</p><p></p><p>The bit of leeway of considering craftsmanship history in detail is that it can give you an amazing review of the way of life and condition that existed during the Renaissance time frame. Likewise, the specialists that made these showstoppers were occupied with a wide range of subjects, which gives you a smart thought of the various subjects they secured. Notwithstanding, the greatest preferred position of everything is that this zone of study is constantly refreshed with new information.</p>

Fishing Essay Sample - How to Write One

Fishing Essay Sample - How to Write OneIf you are an amateur fisherman, and you are having trouble writing a fishing essay sample that makes you look like a pro, then your work is not yet done. For this reason, I have put together a list of fishing essay samples that will help you get started. You can find these types of resources all over the internet. So, don't let your task is difficult.Fishing essay samples come in various formats. You can find many of them online, or you can purchase a book from a book store or a library. If you are just beginning to write an essay on fishing, you may want to start with the one that is easy to read. However, you should also consider your audience. For example, if you are writing for your class, you may want to go for the term paper format that are easy to read, but not too easy.Whatever type of fishing essay samples you choose, you will find them to be very helpful. You can get help from this kind of information. In fact, you can use fishing ess ay samples as the basis for your entire term paper. This may seem like a hard task, but it can be easier than you think.The most important thing to remember when doing your fishing essay is to write with precision. You need to make sure that each word in your paper will be a specific word. Also, make sure that you choose a topic that is suitable for your grade level. It is important that you do not offend anyone in your class.Now, if you would like to write a research paper, you should remember that it is much more difficult to write a research paper. Because you are trying to convince your reader that your ideas are sound, you need to be very precise. You also need to be honest and accurate.Since these essays are very detailed, you will also need to find a group of students who are willing to help you in this task. These students will help you brainstorm ideas, because this is the best way to get the information you need. If you cannot find a group of students willing to help you, you can always read about what you need from some books on the internet.Your fishing essay sample will serve you well, when you are writing this type of essay. For this reason, you should make sure that the topics you choose are relevant to your topic of study. Also, remember that there are different types of essay writing, such as memoir, debate, biography, and others.I have given you several fishing essay samples, so that you will know that writing this type of essay will not be that hard. Just make sure that you take some time to think about what you need to write, and then you will be able to write something great.

The Federalists Vs. Anti Federalists - 1010 Words

The United States of America has a history of bipartisanship, beginning with the conflict between the Patriots and the Loyalists during the American Revolution. The rivalry between the Federalists and the anti-Federalists emerged during the process of ratifying the Constitution between 1787 and 1788. Initially, the Federalists supported the Constitution while the anti-Federalists did not (199). The principle differences dividing the Federalists and anti-Federalists were the controversy of creating a federal government and how to interpret the Constitution. Anti-Federalists insisted on protecting the rights of the states and the individual people above all, while strictly interpreting the Constitution. Federalists strived for national unity and broadly interpreted the Constitution. Leading Federalists included Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and for a short time James Madison (199). The anti-Federalists were led by James Monroe, and later James Madison and Thomas Jefferson. The Federali sts and anti-Federalists disagreed on fundamental ideals such as how the new nation should handle matters including finance, foreign policy, and naturalization. As the head of the Department of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton set out to tackle the nation’s finances. As a Federalist, Hamilton’s propositions generated a lot of resistance from the anti-Federalists. After the Revolutionary War against Great Britain, American states accumulated a large debt. Hamilton believed that the new nationShow MoreRelatedThe Federalists Vs. The Anti Federalists1801 Words   |  8 PagesTheory vs. Reality The concept of theory versus reality is a constant in everyday life. Every person has experienced a situation in which the idea in their head was much better than the outcome. All actions have consequences, and sometimes those consequences are worse than others. In the case of the Federalists vs. The Anti-Federalists, was the drafting of the Constitution actually worth it in the end? When the colonists first came over seas from Great Britain there was one thing that was vastlyRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs. Federalists1634 Words   |  7 Pages Anti Federalists vs. Federalists (Paper #1) The Federalists and the Anti - Federalists played an indispensable part in the establishment of the American Constitution. Federalists were supporters of the constitution, while Anti federalist were against the ratification of the Constitution. Federalists believed in the idea of a larger heterogeneous republic whereas anti federalists wanted a small homogenous republic. Famous federalists like James Madison, John Jay and Alexander Hamilton are responsibleRead MoreThe Federalists Vs. Anti Federalists1525 Words   |  7 Pagesnational government both with and for the people. Our current constitution was made possible by federalists like John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and their supporters. Their contributions to the constitution are vital to the success that the Nation has attained. Without a moderate central government, America would not have its impeccable mixture of power, security, and freedom. If the Anti-Federalist had trumped the fight over the developing governme nt, the United States of America would notRead MoreFederalist vs. Anti-Federalist Essay844 Words   |  4 PagesFederalist vs. Anti-Federalist The road to accepting the Constitution of the United States was neither easy nor predetermined. In fact during and after its drafting a wide-ranging debate was held between those who supported the Constitution, the Federalists, and those who were against it, the Anti-Federalists. The basis of this debate regarded the kind of government the Constitution was proposing, a centralized republic. Included in the debate over a centralized government wereRead MoreFederalists Vs. Anti Federalists1518 Words   |  7 PagesIn early 1788, Federalists and Anti-Federalists held fierce debates over how the state of Rhode Island would vote on Constitutional ratification. Two models of democracy were contested: the Anti-Federalists argued in favor of mass participation in the form of a state referendum, and the Federalists argued in favor of elite representation in the form of a state convention. On the whole, while the state referendum model used in the debates in Rhode Island allows for greater participation and an opportunityRead MoreFederalists vs. Anti-Federalists1723 Words   |  7 Pagesthe subject of numerous debates. The contending groups consisted of Federalists, those who supported ratification, and Anti-Federalists, those opposed to the constitution. Each group published a series of letters known as the Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers. The Anti-Federalist papers objected to provisions of the p roposed constitution while the Federalist Papers defended the rationale behind the document. Anti-Federalist objections included that; the United States was too extensive to beRead MoreEssay about The Federalists vs the Anti-federalists in Colonial America609 Words   |  3 Pagesgovernments adequate. The Anti-Federalists could not make an effective campaign against the Federalists because of their intellectual inability, political skills, and social class. Most of the opponents of the Constitution were often debtors, small farmers, ethnic minorities such as the Irish or German, most lived outside of communities and did not participate in large events this is one of the main reasons that they could not rally up all of their followers. The Anti-Federalists who lived rurally, wereRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs. Patrick Henry1555 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom Britain, there was a new sense of freedom and opinions on how the nation must need a republic and form a republic. An upcoming group called the Federalists will clash with the anti- federalists of what must the order of government should be involved with running the country. James Madison who was a federalists and Patrick Henry an Anti-federalists had both given strong opinions on a new Proposition, of taking charge and forming a co untry that will run fairly and not dominating as a monarch. ManyRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs. Federal Republicans Essay1766 Words   |  8 Pageshave been addressed sufficiently. These discussions and debates often took place between two specific groups, the Federalists, and their opponents who they termed the Anti-Federalists. However, these so-called Anti-Federalists would have referred to themselves as Democratic Republicans or Federal Republicans, so they will be referenced in this vein. On the side of the Federalists were men such as James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, George Washington, Gouverneur Morris, and other proponents of aRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs The Ratification Of The U.s. Constitution1074 Words   |  5 Pagesthe other hand, Anti-Federalists were against the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Unlike the Federalists, many of the Anti-Federalists were not included in the deliberations on the new constitution; they were not selected as delegates to the constitutional convention. Anti-Federalists were in favor of a confederacy; a system where the central government exercises no control over subunit governments (i.e. states) and acts for the subunits. Therefore, their name, Anti-Federalists, is not a good

Context Human Services

Question: Discuss about the Context Human Services. Answer: Introduction Chenoweth and McAuliffe (2005) depicts that human service is defined as a unique approach to fulfilling the societal demands from the interdisciplinary knowledge base of an individual. The primary objective for associating with the human work is to improve the quality of living of community. On the other hand, Jamrozik (2009) states that any significant alteration over time due to the action of some individuals that results in a difference of behavior patterns and cultural valuesis known as social change. In this essay, I am going to discuss whether human service work can be seen as an opportunity for social change or people consider it as a means of maintaining social order. Discussion The experience I gather until now, make me realized that human have to work for a better life for every individual living in the society. Thus, social change is necessary and it can be achieved by effective human services. I learned for Fawcett et al. (2010) that the standard of living can be evaluated from whether all people are safe, adequately fed, adequately housed or not and are they getting proper education and have a safe life for the survival. However, I also believe that human services can be provided especially to those who are trying to survive and do have enough resource for fulfilling the basic requirements. In the fast moving world, the needs and numbers of survivors are never ending and it is difficult for a person to provide fund, offer them employment, and developing resources for each one of them. According to current statistics, there are 2,548,496 people living below the poverty line in Australia, which resembles the 13.9% of the total population of the nation. 33 .2% of those people are working poor and 61.2% of them are unemployed and cannot fulfil their daily requirements (Acoss.org.au 2016). Moreover, the most affected group from this adversity are the women, children and elderly people, sole parents, overseas people, physically challenged the person, aboriginal, and Torres Strait islander people. I also came to learn that from four decades Australian Government provided funds for voluntary work through the Australian NGO Cooperation Program (ANCP) and the cost that is estimated for the betterment of the society from Australian government is $127.3 million for poverty reduction programs and to support community-level economic development (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2016). I also want to add that improve the livelihoods for women and enhancing the associativity between the communities, government and the private sector can be a significant step regarding the effective social change. Non-profit organizations in Australia works for making positive social change and consider human service work as an opportunity for social change. Moreover, from O'Connor et al. (2006), I also studied that there are some groups, who are providing social services but are not working for social change. These people are working to feed and educate their family members so that there living of standard can be enhanced. Saunders (2015) also portrays that the higher income group consumes 47% of the nations wealth and the middle-class people takes control over the 44% of the wealth. This results in the majority of the people struggling with 9% of the wealth and leaving them in a state of poverty where they cannot fulfill their minimum requirements. More difficult is raised due to the improper division of this 9% wealth among 80% of the poor people, which lead to the unusual crime and depletion of the societal value. Figure1: Economic Pyramid (Source: Saunders 2015) Therefore, from the above data and findings, I think that people have to work for social advancement in the society so that everyone should get an equal chance for a safe and secure living. It is also mentioned by the above writer that people at the bottom of the pyramid need more preferences and provision of required facilities. The human service for the buffer zone is the offering of desired employment according to their capability and knowledge. The social work in such circumstance should be the provision of job training so that they can be trained for the job they are hired in an organization. In addition to that, from the journal written by (Jamrozik 2009), I came to learn that social work and human services share many similarities regarding the good motive of the person while they have some differences. A human service resembles the work broader work within a community in a community-based setting; while, in social work, an individual work directly with clients to implement social programs. These human services can be provided by visiting the areas where people need these facilities like education, medicine, food and shelters. Some social worker provides free education, free treatment and general check-up and medicines, some of them also build infrastructure for them. I further agree with Chenoweth and McAuliffe (2005), where it is depicted that organization, earning high revenue are doing charity work and donate a portion of the amount for the betterment of the society and the needy people. Ife (2012) portrays that this activity can resemble as social means of maintaini ng social order for that organization where they have to maintain a good reputation in the society for promoting corporate social responsibility. These organizations are often associated with the charitable institute and social workers who works for the betterment of the society on behalf of them. Thus, social work and human service work possess similarity, however, relying on the purpose with which they are heading. Conclusion I concluded from the entire discussion and study is that every people in the society is associated with social work and human services but the purpose they are associating with these activities is different. However, I firmly believe that human service work can be seen as an opportunity for social change so that everyone in the society can have the same chance for a better life with the adequate facility. Australian government spends huge revenue for the betterment of the society. They also spend money on their education, good health and shelter for poorly-income group as a work for their human service. Reference List Acoss.org.au. (2016).Poverty ACOSS. [online] Available at: https://www.acoss.org.au/poverty-2/ [Accessed 23 Aug. 2016]. Chenoweth, L. and McAuliffe, D., 2005.The road to social work human service practice: An introductory text. Cengage Learning Australia. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. (2016).Australian NGO Cooperation Program. [online] Available at: https://dfat.gov.au/aid/who-we-work-with/ngos/ancp/Pages/australian-ngo-cooperation-program.aspx [Accessed 23 Aug. 2016]. Fawcett, B, Goodwin, S, Meagher, G Phillips, R 2010., Social Policy for Social Change Palgrave Macmillan, South Yarra. Ife, J., 2012.Human rights and social work: Towards rights-based practice. Cambridge University Press. Jamrozik, A., 2009 Social Policy in the Post-Welfare State, Australian Society in the 21st Century 2ndedn NSW Pearson Education, Australia. O'Connor, I., Wilson, J.E. and Setterlund, D.S., 2006.Social work and welfare practice. Pearson Education Australia. Saunders, P., 2015. Closing the gap: the growing divide between poverty research and policy in Australia.Australian Journal of Social Issues,50(1), p.13.